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Gynaecology

Gynaecology encompasses the diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing care of conditions affecting the female reproductive system.

At Monash Obstetrics in Melbourne, our team of specialist obstetricians and gynaecologists provides comprehensive, compassionate care for women at every stage of life – from adolescence and fertility, through to menopause and beyond.

Our approach combines evidence-based medicine with a deep understanding of women’s individual needs. Whether you are experiencing menstrual irregularities, pelvic pain, abnormal bleeding, or are seeking advice about contraception or menopause, our experienced specialists offer expert diagnosis and tailored treatment in a supportive, confidential environment.

Common Gynaecological Conditions We Manage

  • Overview: Many women experience irregular, heavy, or painful periods at some stage. While often benign, these symptoms can indicate underlying hormonal or structural issues.
  • Causes: Hormonal imbalances, thyroid dysfunction, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), uterine fibroids, endometrial polyps or endometriosis.
  • Risks: Anaemia, fatigue, infertility, and reduced quality of life if untreated.
  • Treatment: Options include hormonal therapy (such as the oral contraceptive pill or hormonal IUD), non-hormonal medications, or minimally invasive surgery to address fibroids or endometrial abnormalities.
  • Overview: Pelvic pain can significantly affect daily life and may be caused by endometriosis – a condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus.
  • Causes: The exact cause is unknown, but genetic, hormonal, and immune factors are involved. Endometriosis affects approximately 1 in 9 Australian women before the age of 44.
  • Risks: Chronic pain, painful periods and intercourse, and infertility.
  • Treatment: Management may include pain relief, hormonal suppression, and laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery to remove endometrial deposits. Early diagnosis and treatment improve fertility outcomes and reduce long-term complications.
  • Overview: PCOS is a common hormonal disorder affecting around 12–15% of Australian women of reproductive age. It can cause irregular periods, acne, excess hair growth and difficulty conceiving.
  • Causes: Insulin resistance, hormonal imbalance, and genetic predisposition.
  • Risks: Infertility, metabolic syndrome, and increased risk of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
  • Treatment: Lifestyle modification (diet, exercise), hormonal contraception to regulate cycles, and medications such as metformin or ovulation induction if pregnancy is desired.
  • Overview: Fibroids are benign muscle growths within the uterus; polyps are overgrowths of the uterine lining. Both can cause heavy bleeding, pressure, and fertility problems.
  • Causes: Oestrogen-dependent growth; more common in women aged 30–50.
  • Risks: Anaemia, pelvic pain, pressure symptoms and pregnancy complications.
  • Treatment: Depending on symptoms, options include hormonal therapy, uterine artery embolisation, or minimally invasive surgical removal (hysteroscopic or laparoscopic myomectomy).
  • Overview: Regular cervical screening is vital for detecting early changes that may lead to cervical cancer.
  • Causes: Persistent infection with certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).
  • Risks: Without treatment, high-grade abnormalities can progress to cervical cancer over time.
  • Treatment: Monash Obstetrics offers onsite colposcopy for assessment of abnormal results. During colposcopy, the cervix is examined under magnification, and a small biopsy may be taken for confirmation. If needed, treatments such as LLETZ (loop excision) can be performed to remove abnormal tissue.
  • Overview: Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that commonly form during the menstrual cycle. While most are harmless, some may cause pain or require surgical evaluation.
  • Causes: Hormonal changes, endometriosis, or benign tumours.
  • Risks: Torsion (twisting), rupture, or malignancy (rare).
  • Treatment: Small cysts often resolve naturally. Persistent or symptomatic cysts may require laparoscopic removal for diagnosis and relief.
  • Overview: Prolapse occurs when the pelvic floor muscles weaken, causing the bladder, uterus, or bowel to bulge into the vaginal wall. It is common after childbirth or menopause.
  • Causes: Pregnancy, vaginal delivery, ageing, chronic coughing, or heavy lifting.
  • Risks: Discomfort, urinary incontinence, and difficulty with intercourse.
  • Treatment: Pelvic floor exercises, physiotherapy, pessary insertion, or surgical repair depending on severity.
  • Overview: Menopause marks the natural end of reproductive years, usually between ages 45 and 55, with perimenopause being the transition phase beforehand.
  • Symptoms: Hot flushes, night sweats, mood changes, vaginal dryness, and sleep disturbance.
  • Risks: Increased risk of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.
  • Treatment: Individualised management may include lifestyle changes, non-hormonal options, or hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Regular review ensures therapy remains safe and effective.

Contraception and Family Planning

Our specialists provide expert advice on contraceptive methods tailored to each woman’s health, lifestyle, and reproductive goals. Options include:

  • Hormonal contraception – oral pills, implants (Implanon), injections, or hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs).
  • Non-hormonal contraception – copper IUDs, barrier methods or permanent options such as tubal ligation.
  • Fertility awareness – understanding ovulation timing for those avoiding or planning pregnancy.


We also provide counselling for pre-pregnancy planning, including genetic carrier screening, vaccination updates, and optimisation of chronic conditions.

Sexual and Reproductive Health

Monash Obstetrics offers confidential assessment and treatment for a range of sexual and reproductive health concerns, including:

  • Painful intercourse (dyspareunia) or vaginal dryness.
  • Vulval disorders (lichen sclerosus, vulvodynia).
  • Sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening and treatment.
  • Postnatal pelvic floor concerns and incontinence.


We take a compassionate and sensitive approach to these often intimate issues, ensuring patients feel comfortable discussing symptoms openly.

Minimally Invasive Gynaecological Surgery

When surgery is required, our gynaecologists are experienced in minimally invasive laparoscopic (keyhole) techniques. These procedures are associated with smaller incisions, less pain, faster recovery, and lower complication rates compared to open surgery.
Common procedures performed include:

  • Laparoscopic removal of ovarian cysts, endometriosis or fibroids.
  • Hysteroscopic resection of polyps or fibroids inside the uterus.
  • Hysterectomy or myomectomy for complex cases.


Surgical planning is always guided by your symptoms, fertility goals, and personal preferences.

Preventive and Well-Woman Care

Regular check-ups play a crucial role in maintaining long-term reproductive health. Our well-woman services include:

  • Cervical screening (Pap smears and HPV testing).


We encourage proactive health management to detect potential issues early and provide reassurance.

Why Choose Monash Obstetrics for Gynaecological Care

  • Comprehensive expertise: Our gynaecology specialists provides complete women’s health care under one roof – from menstrual health to menopause and surgery.
  • State-of-the-art diagnostics: Onsite ultrasound and colposcopy for prompt investigation.
  • Minimally invasive surgical capability: Advanced laparoscopic surgery for faster recovery.
  • Holistic approach: Integration of medical, surgical, and lifestyle management.
  • Continuity and trust: The same caring specialist throughout your care journey.


Whether you are seeking routine screening or management of complex gynaecological issues, Monash Obstetrics delivers expert, compassionate care designed to empower women to take control of their health at every stage of life.

Book Your Consultation and Start Your Journey Today

Ready to take the next step in your health, fertility or pregnancy care? Contact us today to schedule an appointment with one of our specialist.

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